ubuntu自动更新--unattended-upgrades

1 介绍2 发展历程3 配置与使用4 disable Auto update服务命令

参考

1 介绍

Unattended-Upgrades 是一个用于自动更新 Debian 及其衍生系统(如 Ubuntu)的工具。它的主要功能是自动检查、下载并安装系统更新,特别是安全更新,从而确保系统的安全性和稳定性。该工具通过后台运行,无需用户干预,大大简化了系统维护工作。

2 发展历程

Unattended-Upgrades 最初是为了简化 Debian 系统的安全更新流程而开发的。随着 Ubuntu 的发展,它逐渐成为 Ubuntu 系统中默认安装的组件之一。从 Ubuntu 16.04 开始,Unattended-Upgrades 的更新触发机制从传统的 cron 定时任务转变为通过 systemd 的 timer unit 来实现。这种改进使得更新任务的调度更加灵活和高效。

3 配置与使用

安装:可以通过命令 sudo apt-get install unattended-upgrades 安装该工具。 配置:主要配置文件位于 /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades,用户可以在此文件中指定自动更新的规则,例如允许更新的软件源、是否自动移除未使用的依赖包等。 自定义更新频率:通过编辑 /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/20auto-upgrades 文件,可以设置更新检查和安装的频率。

bot@u22:/etc/apt/apt.conf.d$ ls

00aptitude 15update-stamp 20packagekit 60icons

00trustcdrom 20apt-esm-hook.conf 20snapd.conf 60icons-hidpi

01autoremove 20archive 50appstream 70debconf

01-vendor-ubuntu 20auto-upgrades 50command-not-found 99update-notifier

10periodic 20dbus 50unattended-upgrades

bot@u22:/etc/apt/apt.conf.d$ cat 20auto-upgrades

APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";

APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";

4 disable Auto update

Ubuntu uses the unattended-upgrades package to handle automatic updates. You can disable this service to prevent automatic updates.

# 显示状态

bot@u22:~/sen$ systemctl status unattended-upgrades

● unattended-upgrades.service - Unattended Upgrades Shutdown

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/unattended-upgrades.service; enabled; >

Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-04-06 06:25:39 CST; 12min ago

Docs: man:unattended-upgrade(8)

Main PID: 1003 (unattended-upgr)

Tasks: 2 (limit: 4551)

Memory: 11.7M

CPU: 264ms

CGroup: /system.slice/unattended-upgrades.service

└─1003 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended->

4月 06 06:25:39 u22 systemd[1]: Started Unattended Upgrades Shutdown.

# 停止服务

bot@u22:~/sen$ sudo systemctl stop unattended-upgrades

[sudo] password for bot:

# 取消服务的开机启动

bot@u22:~/sen$ sudo systemctl disable unattended-upgrades

Synchronizing state of unattended-upgrades.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.

Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install disable unattended-upgrades

Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/unattended-upgrades.service.

bot@u22:~/sen$ systemctl status unattended-upgrades

○ unattended-upgrades.service - Unattended Upgrades Shutdown

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/unattended-upgrades.service; disabled;>

Active: inactive (dead)

Docs: man:unattended-upgrade(8)

4月 06 06:25:39 u22 systemd[1]: Started Unattended Upgrades Shutdown.

4月 06 06:52:48 u22 systemd[1]: Stopping Unattended Upgrades Shutdown...

4月 06 06:52:48 u22 systemd[1]: unattended-upgrades.service: Deactivated succes>

4月 06 06:52:48 u22 systemd[1]: Stopped Unattended Upgrades Shutdown.

bot@u22:~/sen$

服务命令

systemctl enable:除了激活服务以外,也可以置服务为开机启动

systemctl disable:取消服务的开机启动

systemctl start:依次启动定义在 Unit 文件中的 ExecStartPre、ExecStart 和 ExecStartPost 命令

systemctl stop:依次停止定义在 Unit 文件中的 ExecStopPre、ExecStop 和 ExecStopPost 命令

systemctl restart:重启服务

systemctl kill:立即杀死服务

service service_name status:查看服务状态

参考

1、How to disable Auto update for my instance 2、Linux 服务管理 service systemd systemctl